Interview Questions on Network - TCP/IP Model

1. What are the differences between OSI model and TCP/IP model?

The only difference in the name of OSI network Layer compared to TCP/IP Internet Layer. The upper three layers of the OSI reference model (application, presentation, and session—Layers 7, 6, and 5) define functions that all map to the TCP/IP application layer.

2. What are all the layers exist in TCP/IP model?

1. Application Layer
2. Transport Layer
3. Internet Layer
4. DataLink Layer
5. Physical Layer

3. Explain about Internet Layer ?

The Internet layer is responsible for addressing, packaging, and routing functions.

4. What are all the protocols exist in IP Layer?

The core protocols of the Internet layer are IP, ICMP, and IGMP.
The Internet Protocol (IP): It is a routable protocol responsible for IP addressing, routing, and the fragmentation and reassembly of packets.
The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): It is responsible for providing diagnostic functions and reporting errors due to the unsuccessful delivery of IP packets.
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP): It is responsible for the management of IP multicast groups.

5.Explain Transport Layer?

The Transport layer (also known as the Host-to-Host Transport layer) is responsible for providing the Application layer with session and datagram communication services.

6. Explain the protocols exist in Transport Layer?

The core protocols of the Transport layer are : TCP and UDP.
Transmission Control Protocol(TCP): provides a one-to-one, connection-oriented, reliable communications service. TCP is responsible for the establishment of a TCP connection, the sequencing and acknowledgement of packets sent, and the recovery of packets lost during transmission.

User Datagram Protocol(UDP): provides a one-to-one or one-to-many, connectionless, unreliable communications service. UDP is used when the amount of data to be transferred is small (such as the data that would fit into a single packet), when the overhead of establishing a TCP connection is not desired or when the applications or upper layer protocols provide reliable delivery.

7. What are the Differences between TCP and UDP?

TCP is COnnection Oriented and reliable protocol.
UDP is Connection less and unreliable protocol.

8. Explain about Application Layer?

The Application layer provides applications the ability to access the services of the other layers and defines the protocols that applications use to exchange data.

9. Explain about protocols exist in Application Layer?

The most widely-known Application layer protocols are :
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): it is used to transfer files that make up the Web pages of the World Wide Web.
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP): it is used for interactive file transfer.
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): It is used for the transfer of mail messages and attachments.
Telnet (a terminal emulation protocol):It is used for logging on remotely to network hosts.

TCP/IP Model

Interview Questions on Network - OSI Model

1. Explain any of two reference models?

1. OSI Reference model
2. TCP/IP reference model

2. What are all the layers exist in OSI model?

1. Application Layer
2. Presentation Layer
3. Session Layer
4. Transport Layer
5. Network Layer
6. Data Link Layer
7. Physical Layer

3. Explain the function of Physical Layer?

In Physical Layer data will be sent in terms of bits over a communication channel.

4. Explain the function of Data Link Layer?

The main task of the data link layer is to transform data in terms of frames to the network layer. Error Detection and Correction happens at this Layer.

5. Explain the function of Network Layer?

In this layer packets are routed from source to destination.

6. Explain the function of Transport Layer?

The basic function of the transport layer is to accept data from above, split it up into smaller units if need be, pass these to the network and ensure that the pieces all arrive correctly at the other end.

7. Session Layer?

The session layer allows users on different machines to establish sessions between them.

8. Presentation Layer?

The presentation layer is concerned with the syntax and semantics of the information transmitted.

9. Application Layer?

The application layer contains a variety of protocols that are needed by users. One widely-used application protocol is HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol).

OSI Model

Interview Questions on Network - Basics

1. What is network ?

network is a collection of computers that are connected to each other to share data and some other resources like printer and scanner.

2. Explain Different types of network?

1. LAN(Local Area Network): A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is limited to a relatively small area. It is generally limited to a geographic area such as a writing lab, school, or building.
2. MAN(Metropolitan Area Networks): A metropolitan area network covers a city. The best-known example of a MAN is the cable television network available in many cities.
3. WAN(Wide Area Networks): Wide Area Networks (WANs) connect networks in larger geographic areas, such as India, the United States, or the world.

3. Explain different types of transmission technology?

1. Broadcast : Broadcast networks have a single communication channel that is shared by all the machines on the network.
2. Multicast: Multicast networks have a single communication channel that is shared by multiple the machines on the network.
3. Unicast(Point to point): point-to-point networks consist of many connections between individual pairs of machines. sender sends data to receiver through intermediate nodes.

4. What is server?

Server is a computer which manages access to all resources or service in a network.